# Excel Formulas Cheat Sheet

 Excel Formulas Cheat Sheet

${tocify} ## Database Functions • DAVERAGE This function will return the average of selected database entries • DCOUNT This function will count the cells that contain numbers in a database • DCOUNTA This function will count the nonblank cells in a database • DGET This function will extract from a database, a single record that matches the specified criteria • DMAX This function will return the maximum value from selected database entries • DMIN This function will return the minimum value from selected database entries • DSTDEV This function will estimate the standard deviation based on a sample of selected database entries • DPRODUCT This function will multiply the values in a particular field of records that match the criteria in a database • DSTDEVP This function will calculate the standard deviation based on the entire population of selected database entries • DSUM This function will add the numbers in the field column of records in the database that match the criteria • DVAR This function will estimate the variance based on a sample from selected database entries • DVARP This function will calculate the variance based on the entire population of selected database entries ## Date and Time Functions • DATE This function will return the serial number of a particular date • DATEVALUE This function will convert a date in the form of text to a serial number • DAY This function will convert a serial number to a day of the month • DAYS360 This function will calculate the number of days between two dates based on a 360-day year • EDATE This function will return the serial number of the date that is the indicated number of months before or after the start date • EOMONTH This function will return the serial number of the last day of the month before or after a specified number of months • HOUR This function will convert a serial number to an hour • MINUTE This function will convert a serial number to a minute • MONTH This function will convert a serial number to a month • NETWORKDAYS This function will return the number of whole workdays between two dates • NOW This function will return the serial number of the current date and time • SECOND This function will convert a serial number to a second • TIME This function will return the serial number of a particular time • TIMEVALUE This function will convert a time in the form of text to a serial number • TODAY This function will return the serial number of today's date • WEEKDAY This function will Convert a serial number to a day of the week • WEEKNUM This function will convert a serial number to a number representing where the • week falls numerically with a year • WORKDAY This function will return the serial number of the date before or after a specified number of workdays • YEAR This function will convert a serial number to a year • YEARFRAC This function will return the year fraction representing the number of whole • days between start_date and end_date ## Engineering Functions • BESSELI This function will return the modified Bessel function In(x) • BESSELJ This function will return the Bessel function Jn(x) • BESSELK This function will return the modified Bessel function Kn(x) • BESSELY This function will return the Bessel function Yn(x) • BIN2DEC This function will convert a binary number to decimal • BIN2HEX This function will converts a binary number to hexadecimal • BIN2OCT This function will convert a binary number to octal • COMPLEX This function will convert real and imaginary coefficients into a complex number • CONVERT This function will convert a number from one measurement system to another • DEC2BIN This function will convert a decimal number to binary • DEC2HEX This function will convert a decimal number to hexadecimal • DEC2OCT This function will convert a decimal number to octal • DELTA This function will Test whether two values are equal • ERF This function will return the error function • ERFC This function will return the complementary error function • GESTEP This function will test whether a number is greater than a threshold value • HEX2BIN This function will convert a hexadecimal number to binary • HEX2DEC This function will convert a hexadecimal number to decimal • HEX2OCT This function will convert a hexadecimal number to octal • IMABS This function will return the absolute value (modulus) of a complex number • IMAGINARY This function will return the imaginary coefficient of a complex number • IMARGUMENT This function will return the argument theta, an angle expressed in radians • IMCONJUGATE This function will return the complex conjugate of a complex number • IMCOS This function will return the cosine of a complex number • IMDIV This function will return the quotient of two complex numbers • IMEXP This function will return the exponential of a complex number • IMLN This function will return the natural logarithm of a complex number • IMLOG10 This function will return the base10 logarithm of a complex number • IMLOG2 This function will return the base-2 logarithm of a complex number • IMPOWER This function will return a complex number raised to an integer power • IMPRODUCT This function will return the product of from 2 to 29 complex numbers • IMREAL This function will return the real coefficient of a complex number • IMSIN This function will return the sine of a complex number • IMSQRT This function will return the square root of a complex number • IMSUB This function will return the difference between two complex numbers • MSUM This function will return the sum of complex numbers • OCT2BIN This function will convert an octal number to binary • OCT2DEC This function will convert an octal number to decimal • OCT2HEX This function will convert an octal number to hexadecimal ## Financial Functions • ACCRINT This function will return the accrued interest for a security that pays periodic interest • ACCRINTM This function will return the accrued interest for a security that pays interest at maturity • AMORDEGRC This function will return the depreciation for each accounting period by using a depreciation coefficient • AMORLINC This function will return the depreciation for each accounting period • COUPDAYBS This function will return the number of days from the beginning of the coupon period to the settlement date • COUPDAYS This function will return the number of days in the coupon period that contains the settlement date • COUPDAYSNC This function will return the number of days from the settlement date to the next coupon date • COUPNCD This function will return the next coupon date after the settlement date • COUPNUM This function will return the number of coupons payable between the settlement date and maturity date • COUPPCD This function will return the previous coupon date before the settlement date • CUMIPMT This function will return the cumulative interest paid between two periods • CUMPRINC This function will return the cumulative principal paid on a loan between two periods • DB This function will return the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the fixed-declining balance method • DDB This function will return the depreciation of an asset for a specified period by using the double-declining balance method or some other method that you specify • DISC This function will return the discount rate for a security • DOLLARDE This function will convert a dollar price, expressed as a fraction, into a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number • DOLLARFR This function will convert a dollar price, expressed as a decimal number, into a dollar price, expressed as a fraction • DURATION This function will return the annual duration of a security with periodic interest payments • EFFECT This function will return the effective annual interest rate • FV This function will return the future value of an investment • FVSCHEDULE This function will return the future value of an initial principal after applying a series of compound interest rates • INTRATE This function will return the interest rate for a fully invested security • IPMT This function will return the interest payment for an investment for a given period • IRR This function will return the internal rate of return for a series of cash flows • ISPMT This function will calculate the interest paid during a specific period of an investment • MDURATION This function will return the Macauley modified duration for a security with an assumed par value of$100
• MIRR This function will return the internal rate of return where positive and negative cash flows are financed at different rates
• NOMINAL This function will return the annual nominal interest rate
• NPER This function will return the number of periods for an investment
• NPV This function will return the net present value of an investment based on a series of periodic cash flows and a discount rate
• ODDFPRICE This function will return the price per $100 face value of a security with an odd first period • ODDFYIELD This function will return the yield of a security with an odd first period • ODDLPRICE This function will return the price per$100 face value of a security with an odd last period
• ODDLYIELD This function will return the yield of a security with an odd last period
• PMT This function will return the periodic payment for an annuity
• PPMT This function will return the payment on the principal for an investment for a given period
• PRICE This function will return the price per $100 face value of a security that pays periodic interest • PRICEDISC This function will return the price per$100 face value of a discounted security
• PRICEMAT This function will return the price per $100 face value of a security that pays interest at maturity • PV This function will return the present value of an investment • RATE This function will return the interest rate per period of an annuity • RECEIVED This function will return the amount received at maturity for a fully invested security • SLN This function will return the straight-line depreciation of an asset for one period • SYD This function will return the sum-ofyears' digits depreciation of an asset for a specified period • TBILLEQ This function will return the bondequivalent yield for a Treasury bill • TBILLPRICE This function will return the price per$100 face value for a Treasury bill
• TBILLYIELD This function will return the yield for a Treasury bill
• VDB This function will return the depreciation of an asset for a specified or partial period by using a declining balance method
• XIRR This function will return the internal rate of return for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic
• XNPV This function will return the net present value for a schedule of cash flows that is not necessarily periodic
• YIELD This function will Return the yield on  a security that pays periodic interest
• YIELDDISC This function will return the annual yield for a discounted security; for example, a Treasury bill
• YIELDMAT This function will return the annual yield of a security that pays interest at maturity

## Information Functions

• CELL This function will return information about the formatting, location, or contents of a cell
• ERROR.TYPE This function will return a number corresponding to an error type
• INFO This function will return information about the current operating environment
• ISBLANK This function will return TRUE if the value is blank
• ISERR This function will return TRUE if the value is any error value except #N/A
• ISERROR This function will return TRUE if the value is any error value
• ISEVEN This function will return TRUE if the number is even
• ISLOGICAL This function will return TRUE if the value is a logical value
• ISNA This function will return TRUE if the value is the #N/A error value
• ISNON T This function will return TRUE if the value is not text
• ISNUMBER This function will return TRUE if the value is a number
• ISODD This function will return TRUE if the number is odd
• ISREF This function will return TRUE if the value is a reference
• ISTEXT This function will return TRUE if the value is text
• N This function will return a value converted to a number
• NA This function will return the error value #N/A
• TYPE This function will return a number indicating the data type of a value

## Logical Functions

• AND This function will return TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE
• FALSE This function will return the logical value FALSE
• IF This function will specify a logical test to perform
• NOT This function will reverse the logic of its argument
• OR This function will return TRUE if any argument is TRUE
• TRUE This function will return the logical value TRUE

## Lookup and Reference Functions

• ADDRESS This function will return a reference as text to a single cell in a worksheet
• AREAS This function will return the number of areas in a reference
• CHOOSE This function will choose a value from a list of values
• COLUMN This function will return the column number of a reference
• COLUMNS This function will return the number of columns in a reference
• GETPIVOTDATA This function will return data stored in a PivotTable
• HLOOKUP This function will look in the top row of an array and returns the value of the
• indicated cell
• HYPERLINK This function will create a shortcut or jump that opens a document stored on a network server, an intranet, or the Internet
• INDEX This function will use an index to choose a value from a reference or array
• INDIRECT This function will return a reference indicated by a text value
• LOOKUP This function will look up values in a vector or array
• MATCH This function will look up values in a reference or array
• OFFSET This function will return a reference offset from a given reference
• OW This function will return the row number of a reference
• ROWS This function will return the number of rows in a reference
• RTD This function will retrieve real-time data from a program that supports COM automation
• TRANSPOSE This function will return the transpose of an array
• VLOOKUP This function will look in the first column of an array and moves across the row to return the value of a cell

## Math and Trigonometry Functions

• ABS This function will return the absolute value of a number
• ACOS This function will return the arccosine of a number
• ACOSH This function will return the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number
• ASIN This function will return the arcsine of a number
• ASINH This function will return the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number
• ATAN This function will return the arctangent of a number
• ATAN2 This function will return the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates
• ATANH This function will return the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number
• CEILING This function will round a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance
• COMBIN This function will return the number of combinations for a given number of objects
• COS This function will return the cosine of a number
• COSH This function will return the hyperbolic cosine of a number
• DEGREES This function will convert radians to degrees
• EVEN This function will round a number up to the nearest even integer
• EXP This function will return e raised to the power of a given number
• FACT This function will return the factorial of a number
• FACTDOUBLE This function will return the double factorial of a number
• FLOOR This function will round a number down, toward zero
• GCD This function will return the greatest common divisor
• INT This function will round a number down to the nearest integer
• LCM This function will return the least common multiple
• LN This function will return the natural logarithm of a number
• LOG This function will return the logarithm of a number to a specified base
• LOG10 This function will return the base-10 logarithm of a number
• MDETERM This function will return the matrix determinant of an array
• MINVERSE This function will return the matrix inverse of an array
• MMULT This function will return the matrix product of two arrays
• MOD This function will return the remainder from division
• MROUND This function will return a number rounded to the desired multiple
• MULTINOMIAL This function will return the multinomial of a set of numbers
• ODD This function will round a number up to the nearest odd integer
• PI This function will return the value of pi
• POWER This function will return the result of a number raised to a power
• PRODUCT This function will multiply its arguments
• QUOTIENT This function will return the integer portion of a division
• RAND This function will return a random number between 0 and 1
• RANDBETWEEN This function will return a random number between the numbers you specify
• ROMAN This function will convert an arabic numeral to roman, as text
• ROUND This function will round a number to a specified number of digits
• ROUNDDOWN This function will round a number down, toward zero
• ROUNDUP This function will round a number up, away from zero
• SERIESSUM This function will return the sum of a power series based on the formula
• SIGN This function will return the sign of a number
• SIN This function will return the sine of the given angle
• SINH This function will return the hyperbolic sine of a number
• SQRT This function will return a positive square root
• SQRTPI This function will return the square root of (number * pi)
• SUBTOTAL This function will return a subtotal in a list or database
• SUM This function will add its arguments
• SUMIF Adds the cells specified by a given criteria
• SUMPRODUCT This function will return the sum of the products of corresponding array components
• SUMSQ This function will return the sum of the squares of the arguments
• SUMX2MY2 Returns the sum of the difference of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
• SUMX2PY2 This function will return the sum of the sum of squares of corresponding values in two arrays
• SUMXMY2 This function will return the sum of squares of differences of corresponding values in two arrays
• TAN This function will return the tangent of a number
• TANH This function will return the hyperbolic tangent of a number
• TRUNC This function will truncate a number to an integer

## Statistical Functions

• AVEDEV This function will return the average of the absolute deviations of data points from their mean
• AVERAGE This function will return the average of its arguments
• AVERAGEA This function will return the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
• BETADIST This function will return the beta cumulative distribution function
• BETAINV This function will return the inverse of the cumulative distribution function for a specified beta distribution
• BINOMDIST This function will return the individual term binomial distribution probability
• CHIDIST This function will return the onetailed probability of the chi-squared distribution
• CHIINV This function will return the inverse of the one-tailed probability of the chisquared distribution
• CHITEST This function will return the test for independence
• CONFIDENCE This function will return the confidence interval for a population mean
• CORREL This function will return the correlation coefficient between two data sets
• COUNT This function will count how many numbers are in the list of arguments
• COUNTA This function will count how many values are in the list of arguments
• COUNTBLANK This function will count the number of blank cells within a range
• COUNTIF This function will count the number of nonblank cells within a range that meet the given criteria
• COVAR This function will return covariance, the average of the products of paired deviations
• CRITBINOM This function will return the smallest value for which the cumulative binomial distribution is less than or equal to a criterion value
• DEVSQ This function will return the sum of squares of deviations
• EXPONDIST This function will return the exponential distribution
• FDIST This function will return the F probability distribution
• FINV This function will return the inverse of the F probability distribution
• FISHER This function will return the Fisher transformation
• FISHERINV This function will return the inverse of the Fisher transformation
• FORECAST This function will return a value along a linear trend
• FREQUENCY This function will return a frequency distribution as a vertical array
• FTEST This function will return the result of an F-test
• GAMMADIST This function will return the gamma distribution
• GAMMAINV This function will return the inverse of the gamma cumulative distribution
• GAMMALN This function will return the natural logarithm of the gamma function, Γ (x)
• GEOMEAN This function will return the geometric mean
• GROWTH This function will return values along an exponential trend
• HARMEAN This function will return the harmonic mean
• HYPGEOMDIST This function will return the hypergeometric distribution
• INTERCEPT This function will return the intercept of the linear regression line
• KURT This function will return the kurtosis of a data set
• LARGE This function will return the k-th largest value in a data set
• LINEST This function will return the parameters of a linear trend
• LOGEST This function will return the parameters of an exponential trend
• LOGINV This function will return the inverse of the lognormal distribution
• LOGNORMDIST This function will return the cumulative lognormal distribution
• MAX This function will return the maximum value in a list of arguments
• MAXA This function will return the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
• MEDIAN This function will return the median of the given numbers
• MIN This function will return the minimum value in a list of arguments
• MINA This function will return the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values
• MODE This function will return the most common value in a data set
• NEGBINOMDIST return the negative binomial distribution
• NORMDIST This function will return the normal cumulative distribution
• NORMINV This function will return the inverse of the normal cumulative distribution
• NORMSDIST This function will return the standard normal cumulative distribution
• NORMSINV This function will return the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution
• PEARSON This function will return the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
• PERCENTILE This function will return the kth percentile of values in a range
• PERCENTRANK This function will return the percentage rank of a value in a data set
• PERMUT This function will return the number of permutations for a given number of objects
• POISSON This function will return the Poisson distribution
• PROB This function will return the probability that values in a range are between two limits
• QUARTILE This function will return the quartile of a data set
• RANK This function will return the rank of a number in a list of numbers
• RSQ This function will return the square of the Pearson product moment correlation coefficient
• SKEW This function will return the skewness of a distribution
• SLOPE This function will return the slope of the linear regression line
• SMALL This function will return the k-th smallest value in a data set
• STANDARDIZE This function will return a normalized value
• STDEV This function will estimate standard deviation based on a sample
• STDEVA This function will estimate standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values
• STDEVP This function will calculate standard deviation based on the entire population
• STDEVPA This function will calculate standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
• STEYX This function will return the standard error of the predicted y-value for each x in the regression
• TDIST This function will return the Student's t-distribution
• TINV This function will return the inverse of the Student's t-distribution
• TREND This function will return values along a linear trend
• TRIMMEAN This function will return the mean of the interior of a data set
• TTEST This function will return the probability associated with a Student's t-test
• VAR This function will estimate variance based on a sample
• VARA This function will estimate variance based on a sample, including numbers, text,
• and logical values
• VARP This function will calculate variance based on the entire population
• VARPA This function will calculate variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values
• WEIBULL This function will return the Weibull distribution
• ZTEST This function will return the one tailed probability-value of a z-test

## Text Functions

• ASC This function will change full-width (double-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to half-width (single-byte) characters
• BAHTTEXT This function will converts a number to text, using the ß (baht) currency format
• CHAR This function will return the character specified by the code number
• CLEAN This function will remove all nonprintable characters from text
• CODE This function will return a numeric code for the first character in a text string
• CONCATENATE This function will join several text items into one text item
• DOLLAR This function will convert a number to text, using the \$ (dollar) currency format
• EXACT This function will check to see if two text values are identical
• FIND, FINDB This function will find one text value within another (case-sensitive)
• FIXED This function will format a number as text with a fixed number of decimals
• JIS This function will change half-width (single-byte) English letters or katakana within a character string to full-width (double-byte) characters
• LEFT, LEFTB This function will return the leftmost characters from a text value
• LEN, LENB This function will return the number of characters in a text string
• LOWER This function will convert text to lowercase
• MID, MIDB This function will return a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify
• PHONETIC This function will extract the phonetic (furigana) characters from a text string
• PROPER This function will capitalize the first letter in each word of a text value
• REPLACE, REPLACEB This function will replace characters within text
• REPT This function will repeat text a given number of times
• RIGHT, RIGHTB This function will return the rightmost characters from a text value
• SEARCH, SEARCHB This function will find one text value within another (not casesensitive)
• SUBSTITUTE This function will substitute new text for old text in a text string
• T This function will convert its arguments to text
• TEXT This function will format a number and converts it to text
• TRIM This function will remove spaces from text
• UPPER This function will convert text to uppercase
• VALUE Converts a text argument to a number